BRAIN DRAIN - IN SEARCH OF GREENER PASTURES
BRAIN DRAIN - IN SEARCH OF GREENER PASTURES
Brain drain occurs when a country's highly skilled and intelligent citizens emigrate. Learn about brain drain by exploring its definition, causes, effects, and examples, and review possible actions that can curb brain drain. Recognize how brain drain affects a home country, and take a closer look at brain drain in India.
The highly qualified techies, scientists, and medicos of India are searching for greener pastures in developed countries like USA, UK, AUSTRALIA, and CANADA.
Money
being one of the factor, you have education, quality of life, social
security, gender equality etc. behind brain drain. That's why thousands
of Students leave to study abroad to get the better paying jobs and on
the top of that they get better quality of life there.
The term "brain drain" was coined by the Royal Society to describe the emigration of "scientists and technologists" to North America from post-war Europe. Another source indicates that this term was first used in the United Kingdom to describe the influx of Indian scientists and engineers. Although the term originally referred to technology workers leaving a nation, the meaning has broadened into "the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another, usually for better pay or living conditions".
There are various reasons for this large-scale migration of Indians from different social and economic classes. The most common among them are better remuneration, quality education, social security, and tax concerns.
Brain drain can also be defined as the loss of the academic and technological labor force through the moving of human capital to more favorable geographic, economic, or professional environments. More often than not, the movement occurs from developing countries.
Causes of Brain Drain
There are various causes of brain drain, but they differ depending on the country that's experiencing it. The main causes include seeking employment or higher paying jobs, political instability, and to seek a better quality of life. Causes of brain drain can be categorized into push factors and pull factors.
The push factors are negative characteristics of the home country that form the impetus for intelligent people migrating from Lesser Developed Countries (LDC). In addition to unemployment and political instability, some other push factors are the absence of research facilities, employment discrimination, economic underdevelopment, lack of freedom, and poor working conditions.
Pull factors are the positive characteristics of the developed country from which the migrant would like to benefit. Higher paying jobs and a better quality of life are examples of pull factors. Other pull factors include superior economic outlook, the prestige of foreign training, relatively stable political environment, a modernized educational system to allow for superior training, intellectual freedom, and rich cultures. These lists are not complete; there may be other factors, some of which can be specific to countries or even to individuals.
Effects of Brain Drain on the Home Country
When brain drain is prevalent in a developing country, there may be some negative repercussions that can affect the economy. These effects include but are not limited to:
- Loss of tax revenue
- Loss of potential future entrepreneurs
- A shortage of important, skilled workers
- The exodus may lead to loss of confidence in the economy, which will cause persons desire to leave rather than stay
- Loss of innovative ideas
- Loss of the country's investment in education
- The loss of critical health and education services
Let's examine why these developed countries are a better place to live in.
The US is still the land of opportunity and still ranks as one of the most desirable countries in the world to move to.
The US offers great career opportunities, an unparalleled lifestyle and
one of the highest standards of living in the world – all in a
beautiful environment.
England is a nice place to live. Nice seems to be just about the perfect word. UK definitely is a more established country with a written history dating back to 1000 AD and probably even before that.
Australia is the fourth happiest country on the planet, making its lifestyle one of the most known and envied in terms of carefree living. No hectic pace from a big metropolis and a perfect balance between work, family, and leisure time.
Canada is often at the top of the list of the best countries to live in. The country is typically praised for its affordability, access to education and health, political stability, individual freedom and environmental protection.
The advantage of Brain Drain is that it attracts money remittances from the migrant country to the origin of country.
Human capital flight is the emigration or immigration of individuals who have received advanced training at home. The net benefits of human capital flight for the receiving country are sometimes referred to as a "brain gain" whereas the net costs for the sending country are sometimes referred to as a "brain drain". In occupations with a surplus of graduates, immigration of foreign-trained professionals can aggravate the underemployment of domestic graduates, whereas emigration from an area with a surplus of trained people leads to better opportunities for those remaining. But emigration may cause problems for the home country if the trained people are in short supply there.
The economic interdependence between nation-states and their transnational communities, engendered by forces of globalization, are forcing state action to redefine concepts such as citizenship and nationality, which are deeply embedded in a nation’s culture, history, and traditions.
Theoretical physicist Albert Einstein, who immigrated to the United States to escape Nazi persecution, is an example of human capital flight as a result of political change.
What Bible says about greener pastures :
The Lord is my shepherd; I shall want nothing. He makes me lie down in green pastures, and leads me beside the waters of peace; he renews life within me, and for his name's sake guides me in the right path.
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